Exordium - Definition and Examples

In classical rhetoric, the introductory part of an argument in which a speaker or writer establishes credibility (ethos) and announces the subject and purpose of the discourse. Plural: exordia. Etymology: From the Latin, beginning Observations and Examples: Ancient rhetoricians gave elaborate advice for exordia, since rhetors use this first part of a discourse to establish their ethos as intelligent, reliable, and trustworthy people. Indeed, Quintilian wrote that the sole purpose of the exordium is to prepare our audience in such a way that they will be disposed to lend a ready ear to the rest of our speech (IV i 5). However, in Book II of the Rhetoric, Aristotle contended that the main purpose of the introduction was to make clear what is the end (telos) of the discourse (1515a). Other functions of introductions, according to Aristotle, include making the audience well disposed toward the rhetor and the issue and grabbing their attention.(S. Crowley and D. Hawhee, Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students, Pearson, 2004) Analysis of the Exordium of Dr. Kings I Have a Dream Speech The exordium [paragraphs 2-5] breaks down into two parts, both of which make a similar syllogistic argument while shifting its major premise. The syllogism takes the form of (a) America consists of a promise of freedom, (b) the Negro in America still is not free, therefore, (c) America has defaulted on its promise. The major premise of the first argument is that the Emancipation Proclamation constituted a promise of freedom for Afro-Americans. The major premise of the second argument is that the American Founding as expressed in the Declaration of Independence and Constitution constituted such a promise. In both cases, King argues, the promise has not be fulfilled.Kings exordium is essentially moderate. This is necessary because he must win the attention and trust of his audience before he can make his more militant plea. Having established his ethos, King is now ready for confrontation.(Nathan W. Schlueter, One Dream or Two? Lexington Books, 2002) Exordium of John Miltons Address to His Classmates (An Academic Exercise) The noblest masters of rhetoric have left behind them in various screeds a maxim which can hardly have escaped you, my academic friends, and which says that in every type of speech--demonstrative, deliberative, or judicial--the opening should be designed to win the goodwill of the audience. On those terms only can the minds of the auditors be made responsive and the cause that the speaker has at heart be won. If this be true (and--not to disguise the truth--I know that it is a principle established by the vote of the entire learned world), how unlucky I am! What a plight I am in today! In the very first words of my speech, I am afraid that I am going to say something unbecoming to a speaker, and that I shall be obliged to neglect the first and most important duty of an orator. And in fact, what good will can I expect from you when in as great an assembly as this I recognize almost every face within eyeshot as unfriendly to me? I seem to have come to play an orators part before an utt erly unsympathetic audience.(John Milton, Whether Day or Night Is the More Excellent. Prolusions, 1674. Complete Poems and Major Prose, ed. by Merritt Y. Hughes. Prentice Hall, 1957) Cicero on the Exordium The exordium ought always to be accurate and judicious, replete with matter, appropriate in expression, and strictly adapted to the cause. For the commencement, constituting the introduction and recommendation of the subject, should tend immediately to mollify the hearer and conciliate his favor. . . .Every exordium ought either to have reference to the entire subject under consideration, or to form an introduction and support, or a graceful and ornamental approach to it, bearing, however, the same architectural proportion to the speech as the vestibule and avenue to the edifice and temple to which they lead. In trifling and unimportant causes, therefore, it is often better to commence with a simple statement without any preamble. . . .Let the exordium also be so connected with the succeeding parts of the discourse that it may not appear artificially attached, like the prelude of the musician, but a coherent member of the same body. It is the practice of some speakers, after having p ut forth a most elaborately finished exordium, to make such a transition to what follows, that they seem solely intent upon drawing attention to themselves.(Cicero, De Oratore, 55 BC) Pronunciation: egg-ZOR-dee-yum Also Known As: entrance, prooemium, prooimion

Technology in Healthcare The Advantages and Disadvantages...

Technology in Healthcare Using stickers, bracelets, necklaces, and other options to provide healthcare information through QR codes is a very new idea. Only recently has the technology been available to be able to do this, but it has moved into the healthcare arena quite rapidly. There are advantages and disadvantages to using these QR codes, just as there are with any other types of healthcare information storage and retrieval options. With that in mind, it is very important to consider the idea of these codes and all they can offer to patients and doctors, along with any risks that patients may be taking when it comes to providing their personal information through QR codes. Originally, QR codes were only used in industrial applications and special barcode readers were needed to collect the information on them (Furht, 2011). Smartphones have changed all of that and allowed just about everyone to have the equivalent of a barcode reader right in their pocket (Furht, 2011). One of the reasons that QR codes h ave become so popular in healthcare settings is that they hold a great deal of information (Furht, 2011). Their quick and easy readability also makes them popular, because they are able to be used to find needed information that could literally mean the different between life and death for a patient. The codes were first created in Japan by a subsidiary of Toyota (Furht, 2011). They were designed to track the vehicles in order to determine where they could be foundShow MoreRelatedEssay on Qr Codes and Nursing1094 Words   |  5 Pagesresponse codes, or QR codes were intended to for the auto manufacturer Toyota as a means to track vehicles, as well as vehicle parts, during the manufacturing production stages of building their cars. The QR codes were designed to allow Toyota manufactures to identify parts by scanning a two dimensional barcode, or, QR code at high speed. Since its inception in 1994 QR codes have become one of the most popular types of barcode used in Japan. Used pr imarily through Smart phones, this technology quicklyRead MoreSafeguards and Decision-Making Support Tools Embedded in Patient Care Technologies and Information Systems1253 Words   |  5 Pagespatient care technologies and information systems to support a safe practice environment for both patients and healthcare workers. This work will additionally discuss the principles of data integrity, professional ethics, and legal requirements related to data security, regulatory requirements, confidentiality, and clients right to privacy. The scenario in this study involves emergency workers in Marin County, California are using the technology that involves QR codes or Quick Response Codes to saveRead MoreLogistics Management19517 Words   |  79 Pagesasked at the interview, some of them were as follows: 1. What are the different logistics services provided by the company? 2. What Infrastructure facility the company has? 3. How are their beneficial from logistics point? 4. Which information technology tools does the company uses? 5. How the clients may benefit by souring logistics services from Semcorb Logistics? Secondary data was available through newspapers, business magazines and various management books and the source for some of theRead MoreTarget Strategic Audit Essay15491 Words   |  62 Pagesupon physical assets, brand value and logistical capabilities. The external analysis reveals that Target Corporation must address the threat of a growing online and mobile commerce (e/m-commerce) market. Shoppers’ behavior and the accompanying technology are evolving. Sociocultural and technological trends in e/m-commerce support findings that online retail sales will account for 10% of total U.S. retail sales, $370 billion.   E/M-commerce is expected to reach over $100 billion by 2017.    The internalRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pageswhich it is published, without the prior consent of the Publishers. 2  © Pearson Education Limited 2011 Contents Acknowledgements Introduction Using this Manual Planning Your Approach Designing the Teaching Scheme A Guide to Using the Work Assignments A Guide to Using the Case Studies Strategy Lenses The Exploring Strategy Website A Guide to Using the Video Material Exploring Strategy Teachers’ Workshops Teaching Notes for Student Work Assignments Case Study Teaching Notes 6 7 8 8 12 19 20 25Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesTottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: ( 44) 1865 843830, fax: ( 44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then

How to Write a Dissertation Abstract Free Essays

Writing an abstract for your paper or dissertation can seem daunting. There’s so much to cram into such a short space, for example. However, with a little practice and the help of this guide, writing your abstract will be easy peasy! Just read through our handy hints, and have a go†¦ What is an Abstract? Before you get started on writing the perfect abstract, it helps to know what one is! Overall, an abstract is a summary of the following paper, essay or dissertation, and is generally short (one or two paragraphs). We will write a custom essay sample on How to Write a Dissertation: Abstract or any similar topic only for you Order Now It both explains what your research is about and (if well executed) makes the reader want to find out more. Be aware that the precise requirements for abstracts is likely to vary from subject to subject Your abstract should be clear and concise, and also written in simple language Write your abstract when you have finished your paper. Your abstract might also offer help to the reader, to allow him or her to decide whether to read the full paper. As such, it might also contain important keywords essential to the topic. A typical abstract might be 200 words long, but this is likely to vary depending upon your department and the length and purpose of your essay or paper What to Include in an Abstract A statement of the problem you are investigating, and why it is important. You need to make the reader understand why he or she should care about the issue, and also give a picture of the gap the research fills. A statement of the methods you used to get your results. What is your methodology, procedure of investigation, or approach to the problem Is should also cover the results: what you found out, what was learned or made. Finally, you should mention your conclusions, or the implications of your research. What does this mean for the academic area, for other people The above can be summarised as (source: University of Plymouth 2013): ELEMENTS OF YOUR ABSTRACT What you set out to do, and why How you did it What you found Your conclusions and recommendations You might also include keywords in your abstract How to Write, and not to Write an Abstract Remember the abstract is not an introduction. The introduction sets the stage for the following essay or paper. An abstract summarises the whole. It is not good practice to copy all or part of the introduction for your abstract Don’t use extracts from your essay or dissertation as a short-cut way to produce your abstract. It should be a stand-alone piece of writing. Write your abstract after you have finished the paper. Use the common elements outlined above as a way of working out what to include. The following links to a useful worksheet which will help you write your abstract if you’re stuck: http://www.brookes.ac.uk/services/upgrade/pdf/abstract_worksheet.pdf Want to Know More? The following links to a fairly detailed guide on writing abstracts for publication. It’s offered by Emerald, one of the larger publishers and providers of academic databases: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/write/abstracts.htm?part=1#2 Bibliography OxfordBrooksUniversity (2013) ‘Abstracts’ [online] (cited 4th March 2013) available from http://www.brookes.ac.uk/services/upgrade/study-skills/abstracts.html University of California, Berkeley (2013) ‘Writing an Abstract: Hints and Tips’, [online] (cited 4th March 2013) available from http://research.berkeley.edu/ucday/abstract.html University of Plymouth (2013) ‘Writing the Absract’, [online] (cited 4th March 2013) available from http://www2.plymouth.ac.uk/millbrook/rsources/litrev/lrabstract.htm How to cite How to Write a Dissertation: Abstract, Essays